Combining Mark Forster with GTD?

When it comes to personal productivity methods I have found that there is seldom anything entirely new under the sun, but instead a vast number of common observations and ideas that keep coming up again and again in many places, from many people. Each person seems to focus on some subset of all these observations and ideas.

Mark Forster and David Allen both (in my mind) belong in the camp which favors intuitive, informal, non-scheduling approaches. This is (in my mind) very different from what I would regard as the mainsteam camp which attempts to make a rigid schedule of more or less everything. But be that as it may. Another similarity is that they both advocate methods that only require paper - no computer based tools or "linking" / "viewing" features are required to make it work.

One of the main differences between Mark Forster and David Allen is that Mark's ideas (over the years) seem to revolve around overcoming proscrastination and overwhelm, whereas David's ideas seem to focus on having an overall balance and clarity. Another difference is that Mark keeps coming up with new methods and tricks all the time, calling them by different names (Autofocus, DIT ...), whereas David sticks with one and the same term (GTD) for anything and everything that he has ever advocated.

I hope it is not against the rules of this forum to publish Mark's newest newsletter. I do not personally see it as "challenging" GTD, but as an interesting topic to discuss even in a pure GTD setting - how we select tasks using the gut. We have had many discussions in this forum about long vs short lists, and this newsletter contains a "new" and quite extreme take on this. It is nothing I myself would advocate, but I thought maybe it can provide some food for thought for us all here.

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[TD="align: left"]Welcome to my revived newsletter. My aim is to publish it monthly on the first Monday after the beginning of each month.

If you find it valuable, please forward it on to someone else you think might enjoy it.

And don't forget there are daily articles on my website and some lively forums!

Best wishes for a productive month!

Mark
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Lists or No Lists?

One thing you will find on my website recently is a huge amount of discussion about the benefits of having a long to-do list which attempts to capture everything versus a short list that you make up as you go along.

In my recent book Secrets of Productive People I went firmly for the second of these - the short list. Why?

Traditionally a to-do list has been a way of capturing everything that you have to do or want to do in the course of a day, week or longer period. According to the theory it's not until you have everything down on paper that you really have the measure of your work.

Unfortunately there are some huge disadvantages to this type of list. As anyone who has tried to use a list like this knows, they have a tendency to expand faster than you can cross the tasks off the list.

The result is that a long list of this nature works actively against the main principle of good work - FOCUS.

It is virtually impossible to maintain focus when you have a list containing more work than you can possibly do in the selected time period. The long list also disguises the main enemy of good time management which is over-commitment.

It takes courage to use a short list instead.

What do I mean by a short list? Usually it means anything from one to five items. At the shortest end of the scale you simply decide what you are going to do next and wirte it down before you start. This forces you to consider actively what to do rather than just drifting into something. In short it provides you with a much better focus.

At the longer end of the scale, the method I describe in my book is to write down the next five things you are going to do, then do them in order - re-entering them if you don't finish them first go - until there are only two left. You then top the list up with another three tasks.

Without the crutch of a "complete" list most people are frightened that they will forget something. However a short list works on the principle that if something is important you already have it in your head.

Try an experiment tomorrow, starting this evening.

At close of work today write a list of the five or six most important things that you want to do tomorrow. Don't include any routine things you would be going to do anyway. Write the list from your head without referring to anything.

Once you've written it, throw it away or shred it.

Tomorrow morning, before you start work, reconstruct the list from your mind. It doesn't have to contain exactly the same tasks or be in the same order. Once you've finished writing it, destroy it again.

During the day, use the single task method I described above. That is to say write down what you are going to do next and then do it. Write this as a list one task at time and at the end of the day you will have a record of what you have done during the day. Examine this carefully. Did you have a good day?

This "no list" way of working has some great advantages. Instead of ending the day with a huge list of what you haven't done, you have a list of what you have done. You can look at this and decide whether the focus was right and adjust it tomorrow.

However, as with any method, you do have to be careful not to fall into a rut. So if you decide to carry on with the short list approach it's essential to keep on doing the exercise each evening and morning of identifying the five or six most important things you want to do.
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I think Mark Foster's to-do list processing algorithms (Autofocus, Final Version etc.) were interesting. Now I'm stunned. I strongly believe in David Allen's complete inventory approach. As far as I understand Mark Foster now suggest writing 5 "next actions" directly "from your head without referring to anything". Sounds ridiculous to me. He assumes that I have everything in my head! No, no, no! ;-)
 
Yes, Mark does seem to have a tendency to exaggerate things ;-)

It is a bit like dieting prescriptions - one says "more protein", another says "more fat" etc. It really depends on where you are starting from, what kind of imbalance you have.

If I choose to make a favorable interpretation about Mark's article, I think he is trying to demonstrate that long lists can drown you, and that you actually have a lot better awareness of what is on your plate than you perhaps give yourself credit for. For example, in my own case, the vast majority of what I do is not on my lists at all - it is "work as it shows up", but I still like to have my lists. They give me comfort, a sense of trust and clarity. But if I did not have my lists I honestly think I would remember most of it anyway.
 
I've been following Mark Forster's blog for a while. While I think it is almost always interesting, I don't take it too seriously. Basically, it's all about list traversal algorithms, something David Allen relegates to "trusting your gut." Unfortunately, my gut is pretty stupid, and apparently thinks surfing the web randomly is just a great way to get things done. I've come to believe I need a bit more than that. Most of Mark Forster's algorithms end up fairly complicated, and my gut is not too happy with that either. I've tried implementing the "Final Version" in Omnifocus, and it works about as well as trusting my gut (no algorithm) does. I've probably had the most success (layered on top of GTD) with Michael Linenberger's 3-stage classification of Critical Now, Opportunity Now, and Over the Horizon. He suggest no more than 5 next actions in Critical Now, and 20 in Opportunity Now. That works well for me with both Things and Omnfocus, but it's not perfect either. I don't treat Over the Horizon as Someday/Maybe, it's just "I'll get to it when I get to it, unless I have to get to it sooner than I thought." The whole thing reminds me of some advice my wife and I read when we were expecting our first child: "First things first, second things if you can, and third things probably not."
 
mcogilvie said:
"First things first, second things if you can, and third things probably not."

Probably listing 3-5 "first things" to-do ("today" list or "top priority" list) is a very helpful addition to the GTD methodology. Several software implementations make it possible to "star" or "flag" Next Actions and I think that's the excellent method to focus on "first things".
 
TesTeq said:
Probably listing 3-5 "first things" to-do ("today" list or "top priority" list) is a very helpful addition to the GTD methodology. Several software implementations make it possible to "star" or "flag" Next Actions and I think that's the excellent method to focus on "first things".

I think a lot of people agree on the value of a star or flag to mark important but not urgent tasks. That brings up the question of whether the stars/flags represent some kind of daily plan or weekly plan or prioritization. I've found that any kind of daily planning beyond my calendar and due next actions gets shot to pieces pretty quick (which is depressing), but starring/flagging as part of the weekly review works pretty well for me. I don't think there's only one way to do it.
 
I have some mixed experiences of using stars, flags, priorities etc.

One trick I now use (for a couple of years, I think) and am very happy with is something that to some extent resembles Michael Linenberger's Critical Now, Opportunity Now and Over the Horizon. I use color coding for these three, which makes them easy to spot or avoid in the list, regardless of whether I have grouped the list by project or by context or by these colored levels or by something else. These categorizations are fairly stable for me. My own definition for the three levels is neither quantity (e.g. 5 + 20 + the rest) nor time frame for execution (e.g. in the next couple of days, next ten days, longer) nor importance/urgency per se. I go by the longest acceptable interval between "renewed reviews" (as often as possible, at least daily, at least weekly). In practical terms this corresponds very closely with all the previous kinds of definition but is an easier question for me to answer "objectively" and consistently (regardless of stress, mood, workload or other concerns). So these three levels are my longer-term "flags".They usually remain stable for many days, very often for weeks or months.

In addition to this I have also used a star (or similar devices) for many years to mark the few tasks that I mean to deal with right now (today etc), regardless of whether they are urgent or not - for example, if I have an appointment somewhere I can also star a few errands in the same part of town even if they are not critical in any way. I like this approach very much in theory, as it attempts to make good use of every context I put myself in, and I quite often also like the actual results of it, but far too often I get disappointed by how inaccurate I am in anticipating even a few hours ahead what I will be able to accomplish, and then I get irritated by the need to constantly go back to the next actions list and swap some of these starred items. So I have also played with using an integrated "focus"/next list, where I have just the one long next actions list (perhaps 50 items) always in front of me (usually grouped by context or project), but can easily see the "starred" ones (the tentatively selected items) clearly standing out visually in one way or another (exactly how depends on the app). I am not totally satisfied with this either, because I still need to swap items, but at least I do not have to switch lists. And I have of course tried not using a star or any other "tentative selection" at all, but that irritates me even more, because I then must always check the full list every time I need to pick a new task (or at least check the full context section or the full project/area section if I have determined roughly what I want to work with next, which I often have not).

So, to make a long story short: In my experience "flagging" works beautifully (only advantages as far as I can see) for longer-term classification of what level of attention an item will deserve (days, weeks), but entails both advantages (mainly) and disdvantages (some) for shorter-term classification (hours).
 
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